The Geographical Position of Russia, its Nature and Climate (вопросы и ответы для подготовки к экзамену)

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The Geographical Position of Russia, its Nature and Climate

2. Questions to the topic: «The Geographical Position of Russia, its Nature and Climate»

1. Where is Russia situated?
2. How large is Russia compared to other countries?
3. What countries does it border on?
4. What are Russia’s main regions?
5. What seas and oceans is Russia washed by?
6. What are the most important rivers in Russia?
7. What is the deepest lake in Russia?
8. What types of climate are there on the territory of Russia? Which is the prevailing one?
9. Is Russia rich in natural resources?

3. Answers to the questions on the topic: «The Geographical Position of Russia, its Nature and Climate»

1. Russia is situated (located) in the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia.
2. It covers almost twice the territory of either the United States or China.
3. Russia borders on 12 countries on land. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Belorussia, and the Ukraine. It also has a sea border with the USA.
4. The main areas of Russia are European part, Siberia and Far East. The Ural Mountains separate Europe from Asia.
5. Russia is washed by 12 seas and 2 oceans. Russia is connected with the Atlantic Ocean through the Baltic Sea in the west and the Black Sea in the south. The Arctic Ocean and its seas including the White, Barents, Kara, Laptev, and East-Siberian Seas wash Russia in the north. The Pacific Ocean and its seas the Bering, Okhotsk and Japanese Seas wash Russia in the east.
6. Russia’s greatest rivers are the Don and the Volga in its European part, and the Ob and the Yenisey in West Siberia. The largest river in Asian part of Russia is the Lena. The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers, the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena, flow from south to north. The Ob is the longest river in Russia, but the Volga is the most important one. Many Russian towns are located on the Volga river: Vladimir, Tver, Yaroslavl, Kazan, and Nizhny Novgorod. Altogether there are over two million rivers in our country.
7. Lake Baikal is the largest fresh water lake in the world, one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, the pearl of Siberia. It’s 636 kilometers long and 80 kilometers wide and is surrounded by forests and mountains peaks, the waters of the lake are transparent to a depth of 40 metres in summer. The lake has more than 2000 rare plants and animals – bears, elk (лось), lynx (рысь), sables (соболь), freshwater seal (тюлень), trout (форель), salmon (лосось) and sturgeon (осетр).  It is fed by 336 rivers, with only one river feeding out (the Angara).
8. The climate of Russia differs from one part to another, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. But the prevailing one is a type of climate with four seasons.It is called temperate (умеренный). Winters are cold and windy with a lot of snow.  Summers are hot and dry.
9. Russia is rich in mineral resources such as coal, oil, natural gas, as well as of iron ore, copper, zinc, lead and others. Natural resources determine the development of the Russian economy.

4. Text on the Geographical Position of Russia, its Nature and Climate

Russia is the largest country in the world. It occupies about the one seventh of the earth’s surface. Russia covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia.

The country is washed by 12 seas of three oceans:  the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Belorussia, the Ukraine. It also has a sea border with the USA.

The population of Russia is 145.5 million people. 83 percent are Russians. The capital of the country is Moscow.  It is the largest city and has a population of about 12 million people (2016).

There is hardly a country in the world with such a variety of scenery and vegetation. Russia has steppes in the south, plains and forests in the central region, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east.

Russia is located on two plains. They are the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland.

There are several mountains chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia.

In Russia there are long rivers and deep lakes. The Volga is the biggest Europe’s river. The world’s deepest lake is Lake Baikal. The water in Lake Baikal used to be very clean. It was so clear that if you look down you can count the stones on the bottom.

Russia has one sixth of the world’s forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East.

Over the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south.  In the south-west the weather is usually mild and wet; northern Asia is one of the coldest places on the earth, and in the south the heat is unbearable. But in the middle of the country the climate is moderate and continental.

Russia is very rich in mineral resources. It exports oil and natural gas.

In recent years the political and economic situation in the country has started getting out of the crisis.

There are a lot of opportunities for our country to become one of the leading countries in the world.